Water. Desalination + reuse
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RESEARCH Figure 4. Location of the field trial in Wilora, Northern Territory, Australia and the researchers at work. efficiency, higher flow rate tended to be favourable. Both the TDS removal and energy efficiencies need to be considered when choosing the optimum operational flow rate. Using the current configuration and with the local water conditions, 7 L/min is recommended as the optimal operational parameter, which has an energy consumption of approximately 1.89 kWh/m3 of treated water. In addition, the current CDI set-up has demonstrated a satisfactory overall hardness removal from the groundwater at Wilora at all flow rates, which is significant because hardness has been found to be a major problem affecting the local water distribution systems. It is found that CDI technology offers a viable alternative solution for brackish water treatment, especially in communities in remote areas where building a large and high-maintenance treatment plant is not practical. The data and results shown in this work can be used as guidance for an on-site operation using the technique presented here. Fouling, scaling in the CDI process and possible cleaning will be investigated in the next stage of study at the same site. l Treated TDS level over Targeted TDS level (500 mg/L) Highest TDS removal efficiency (%) Australia now has 44 national desalination research projects NCEDA now supports a total of 44 desalination research projects around Australia led by its 13 member universities and the Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation. The Australian government has so far allocated Aus$ 12.3 million (US$ 12.7 million) from its Water for the Future initiative for the Centre's four funding rounds. Centre-generated industry and partner support has more than doubled this initial government investment by adding a further Aus$ 28.8 million (US$ 29.6 million) to generate current research activity worth Aus$ 41 million (US$ 42.2 million). For further information visit www.desalination.edu.au or follow @DiscoverDesal on Twitter. Flow rate (L/min) Figure. 5. (a) Plot of TDS concentration as a function of time during the 90 s purification cycle for each flow rate, where the arrows indicate the appearance of lowest TDS concentration or highest TDS removal rate. (b) Highest TDS removal rate and treated TDS concentration over the target TDS concentration (500 mg/L) as a function of flow rate. ViSit onlinE desalination.biz August-September 2012 | Desalination & Water Reuse | 45 |