Kranji reservoir:
Singapore uses
reclaimed
water to
recharge its
reservoirs,
such as this
one near the
Straits of Johor.
Changi WRP
50 MGD (228,000
m3/d) initially,
and a further
50 MGD was
added in 2016
EaST
BEdok
18 MGD
(82,000 m3/d)
Water. desalination + reuse March 2017 In Site 13
KEY
Phase one of the Deep Tunnel Sewerage
System (DTSS) completed in 2008 a er
constructing the north and spur tunnels,
sewers, Changi WRP and outfall. A NEWater
factory, on the roof of Changi WRP, was built in
2010 to facilitate large-scale water recycling.
DTSS phase two is expected to complete by
2025. The deep tunnel system will extend
to cover western Singapore, including
downtown. A NEWater factory will be
integrated with Tuas WRP.
When complete, the DTSS will utilise three
collection and water treatment points: Kranji
WRP in the north, Changi WRP in the east; and
Tuas WRP in the west. Plants in Ulu Padan and
Jurong will be decommissioned.
