Water. desalination + reuse

26 Innovation October 2017 Water Reuse: Drivers, Innovations and Public Perceptions Demographics continued... "Lack of awareness and technology deployment" director, water technology company, Asia Pacific "Water reuse is mainly for gardening" chief/ head of department, university, MEA "South Africa is still very new to desalination and effluent reuse, and there is a lack of and understanding of the technology" director, engineering consultancy, MEA "Quality assurance" chief/ head of department, industrial plant owner/ operator, MEA "Psychological factors" technical/ engineer - lead, industrial plant owner/ operator, MEA "Financing of new technology approaches" consultant, systems integrator, all geographies What other areas of innovation in Water reuse have you seen in your markets? "Combining clean energy with water technology" chief/ head of department, engineering consultancy, Americas "India has not seen much in terms of reuse projects — innovations are yet to come" project manager, engineering consultancy, MEA What is the biggest technological challenge in Water reuse today? "Industrial application of anaerobic bio- treatment" board director, engineering consultancy, Americas, Asia Pacific "Availability of reasonably priced technology" technical/ engineer - lead, engineering consultancy, Asia Pacific "Space and cost are the biggest challenges" technical/ engineer - lead, engineering consultancy, Europe "Cost of engineering" senior nuclear chemist, industrial plant owner/ operator, Americas "Overall recovery of systems that are mainly limited by crystallisation of salts, thus limiting the interest of reuse" chief/ head of department, food and beverage industry, all geographies "How to simplify; technology used for wastewater reuse is so complex" technical/ engineer - lead, EPC, Americas, Europe, MEA "Treatment of emerging contaminants, including pharmaceuticals, nano materials" chief/ head of department, engineering consultancy, Americas, Asia Pacific, MEA "Lack of specific and detailed norms or guidelines for monitoring and reliability analysis" technical/ engineer - lead, OEM, Americas, Europe "The need for specialised operators to properly and continuously run a comprehensive reuse system (MBR + RO + ZLD)" board director, systems integrator, Americas What else could influence public opinion about Water reuse in your markets, either positively or negatively? "Informed, educated, and realistic debate about water's fundamental role" board director, university, Asia Pacific "Water demand displacement — using reclaimed water for non-potable purposes thus freeing up other water sources for drinking. Or, indirect potable reuse" technical engineer - lead, engineering consultancy, Americas, Asia Pacific, Middle East and Africa "We think too much of public opinion. The best way is to implement it. People want cheap, clean, available water" director, systems integration, Asia Pacific "Best practice of development policy- backed public-private partnership projects" systems integrator, consultant, all geographies "Using examples and technological expertise from other countries such as Australia, Israel, and Singapore, that strategically manage their limited fresh water sources and maximised wastewater reuse" technical/ engineer - lead, technology company, Europe, Asia Pacific, Americas "Scare campaigns" technical engineer - lead, EPC, Asia Pacific "Affordable cost" chief/ head of department, developer, Asia Pacific "First, the big water consuming industries must adopt water reuse, then the public will understand that it is serious. Industry consumes 95 per cent of fresh water" board director, OEM, Americas, Asia Pacific, Middle East and Africa "Demonstrate that less trucking would be required" technical/ engineer - lead, OEM, all geographies

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