Water. desalination + reuse

REGIONS government guidance, cultivation and regulation of a market, and also the development of the desalination industry within the concept of a circular economy. This can be done by: • Paying attention to ecology and the environment • Using waste brine better • Increasing the use of waste heat and pressure, renewable energy and nuclear power • Reduction of cost and optimization of the process • Thermal membrane coupling and cogeneration of power and water. With the desalination capacity of China set to arrive at around 2.2 million m3/d by 2015, the output of the desalination industry will climb to over RMB 30 billion (US$ 4.9 billion). The Five-Year Plan sees an across-the-board collection of tasks to be completed if the country is to make the most of this. Five tasks are picked out for special attention: 1. Strengthen technology innovation and improve core competitiveness 2. Strengthen equipment manufacture of key and supporting equipment 3. Focus on project demonstration and improve process design and construction capacity 4. Promote the application of desalinated water and its security role. 5. Establish standard specifications and standards to promote healthy development of the industry. With regard to technological development, the government has outlined six special goals and evaluation indicators: 1. More than six breakthroughs in common and core desalination technologies with independent intellectual property rights (IPR). These are to include: seawater intake; pretreatment; process coupling; brine discharge; post-mineralization; system control and management 2. Development of more than six key pieces of equipment with independent IPR. These include: SWRO membrane components and membrane pressure vessel; seawater high-pressure pump and circular booster pump; energy-recovery device; seawater pretreatment membrane filtration facility; multieffect evaporator; and steam ejector 3. Construction of 2-3 large desalination demonstration projects of over 4. 5. 6. 50,000 m3/d, within which the localisation ratio of key components would reach more than 75% Breakthroughs in a number of new technologies, materials and processes to make energy consumption and water cost of desalination over 20% lower than now Formation of over 80 relevant IPRs of desalination technologies, including over 30 invention patents; plus more than 20 relevant standards for desalination technologies; and the cultivation of a number of teams of desalination creative talents Build two or three strategic unions of technology innovation for the desalination industry and cultivate over 10 companies to manufacture internationally competitive core components and equipment to help form a more perfect desalination industry chain. DEmONStRatION aND pIlOt pROjEctS Much emphasis is set out in the plan on demonstration and pilot projects, with a principal goal of construction of 2-3 national demonstration projects with a capacity of 50,000-100,000 m3/d. "Demonstration projects not only ease local water shortage supplying industries or residents with quality desalinated water," says the plan, "but they also provide good industry demonstrations of technology, equipment, design and construction." As well as the two major projects, the plan also envisages a number of large-scale projects in coastal industrial areas using membrane, thermal or thermal-membrane technology to solve issues of process water and boiler feed supply, combined with salt-making and salt chemistry. A pilot project to integrate desalinated water into a coastal municipal supply is also on the cards, as is the integration of desalination into water-security plans for cities on islands offshore. ENvIRONmENtal aSSESSmENt The Five-Year Plan also sees desalination as a means of alleviating past overexploitation of groundwater, as well as protecting and improving the ecological environment in coastal areas. Control and monitoring of brine discharges are also set out as an important environmental measure. Desalination should also strictly follow laws to protect the marine environment | 16 | Desalination & Water Reuse | November-December 2013 and relevant supporting regulations and standards, says the plan. Environmental impact assessments must be carried out in accordance with the law, and measures must be taken to promote energy-saving, space-saving and clean production. pROjEct pROGRESS The new yearbook provides information about the major centres of desalination around China, including: Tianjin City Successively the city has so far seen: a 10,000 m3/d demonstration plant in the Development Zone; the Dagang Power Plant desalination plant; and the Beijing Power Plant MED desalination project with a capacity of 200,000 m3/d. This has pushed the city's total to 216,000 m3/d. A number of new desalination plants and seawater utilization projects will be part of a great effort to bring the city's desalinated water capacity up to 700,000 m3/d by 2015. Heibei Province At the end of 2012, there were seven MED desalination facilities with a total capacity of 82,500 m3/d and three SWRO plants with a total capacity of 57,200 m3/d. In the course, of the Five-Year Plan, four main projects are being highlighted. 1. The Caofeidian New Area, where the 50,000 m3/d Aqualyng SWRO plant opened last year, is to be the site of a 1 million m3/d plant to supply Beijing. Beijing Enterprises Water Group Ltd announced in March 2013 that its Aqualyng Caofeidian Seawater Desalination Project will be able to provide this capacity in three years 2. A desalination project funded by MCC (Leting) Desalination Investment Co, with a capacity of 200,000 m3/d 3. A 50,000 m3/d SWRO independent equipment demonstration project in Bohai New Area 4. A 100,000 m3/d thermal-membrane coupling demonstration project. In addition, the Bohai New Area is seen as a base for the manufacture of desalination equipment, starting with 10 sets of MED units with a 25,000 m3/d capacity, and ultrafiltration (UF) and RO membranes sufficient for 10 million m3/d. Liaoning Province There are currently five projects in the

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