Utility Week

UTILITY WEEK | AUGUST 2021 | 41 even further. The company's representa- tive described its "sophisticated" approach to using 2010 capital carbon modelling for its asset base to drive decisions about asset intervention and replacement. They said: "We have a host of carbon models that are based on 2010 values. So, when we plan an investment, we calculate the capital carbon based on 2010 numbers – the carbon intensity of the materials and the construction processes of the time and so on… then we iterate through the design phases to see how far we can drive out the capital carbon. What we've found since 2015 is a cast iron relationship between reduced carbon and reduced cost." This representative admitted, however, that this approach to applying capital carbon information in strategic decision-making is "unusually advanced", and other attendees agreed that their organisations had either not started thinking in this way or "are nowhere near" the maturity of the exemplar. Net zero enablers needed Broadly, it was agreed that while organisa- tions have introduced "stretching targets" to reduce the impact of assets and operations on the environment, there has not been an accompanying realisation that these targets may require fresh thinking about what asset and operational data needs to be captured. Nor, furthermore, how this data might need to be fed into new and advanced modelling and analytics systems, which can help organ- isations make tactical decisions and capture continuous marginal sustainability gains. One attendee admitted that there is ten- dency in their sector for organisations to "run before we can walk" by initiating ambi- tious net zero and digitalisation initiatives that target inter-company and cross-sector data integrations and asset sharing in a bid to achieve carbon efficiency and resilience benefits on a grand scale. While these kinds of schemes were agreed by all to be essential, given the scale of carbon reductions needed for the 2050 goal (or 2030 in the case of the water sec- tor), there was also consensus that they need to happen in tandem with a big increase in the internal emphasis on making day-to-day incremental improvements to efficiency and embedding sustainability factors into all decision- making processes. One gas industry representative com- pared the need to "build an evidence base" for operational decarbonisation to the gas mains replacement programme. They said it should be viewed similarly as a "fixed and future-focused work programme". Another added that decarbonisation needs to become "a continuous business-as-usual discus- sion – part of our mindset around how we deliver for customers – not something that sits within innovation". Performing this shi' in gears will be tough, with most attendees expressing some trepidation about the complexity involved in coordinating change programmes across multiple business units to ensure that all the relevant data sets to support dynamic and tactical carbon reductions can be integrated effectively. One water sector representative, for example, talked about the opportunities they can see to make major carbon efficiencies by using green gas – created through sludge treatment – in a more sophisticated way. It is a resource with high potential, they pointed out, with potential applications in power generation and as a low carbon transport fuel, as well as a possible source of green revenues if cleaned up and pumped in the gas grid. However, they went on: "Operating that very complicated multi-dimensional and multi-party system needs modelling and deep understanding. To decide whether you even want to invest in that kind of sophis- ticated system in itself requires some quite sophisticated modelling to show how you are going to get best value out of it... because the price and value of green gas for any one of its potential applications is never going to be static. It's going to be moving around the whole time, so modelling for best value is a complicated business that is going to need some pretty serious digital capability and the ability to optimise in real time." To start building the business case for this kind of advanced system, a company would have to start by integrating opera- tional and market data from disparate sys- tems, the representative added. "It's a classic IT challenge of data integration where inter- action between systems has never been required before. Although IT systems are easier to integrate these days than they have been in the past, pulling those links together to allow for multi-dimensional analysis is always going to be extremely hard." Even more so when it is not necessarily viewed as a priority by all the parties whose input are needed. "Across the business at large, I don't think it's realised yet that this kind of sophistication may be needed," the representative concluded. "In some areas, we may be trying to run before we can walk... but there are still some internally who haven't yet realised we even need to walk yet." Jane Gray, content director in association with Quotes from attendees: "We are getting to the situation now where deeper carbon cuts will become a cost rather than a saving, because you are starting to get into the realms of new and emerging materials, processes and those kinds of things. We need more data to accurately understand those trade-offs." "We currently tend to consider capital carbon at a qualitative level in the project decisions we're making at the moment – and that has only really come about in the past year or so. Certainly, it is going to expand dramatically in the next three years." "The processes used in wastewater and sludge treatment are hugely carbon intensive from the point of view of the emissions they release… at the moment our monitoring and understanding of those emissions is pretty crude." *Utility Week and Appian's research report, Digital Transformation Transformed: Net Zero and Technology Strategies in UK Utilities, is available to download free from Utility Week's website. Visit: https://utilityweek.co.uk/net-zero-and-digital- transformation-changing-expectations/

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